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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | esːiβ |
Genitive: | esːiβən |
Dative: | esːiβlan |
Accusative: | esːiβəm |
Comparative: | esːiβla |
Comitative: | esːiβge |
Inessive: | esːiβəʃte |
Illative: | esːiβəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | esːiβeʃ |
1SG: | esːiβem |
2SG: | esːiβet |
3SG: | esːiβʃe |
1PL: | esːiβna |
2PL: | esːiβda |
3PL: | esːiβəʃt |
Plural (1): | esːiβ-βlak |
Plural (2): | esːiβ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | esːiβla |
Sociative Plural: | esːiβmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | esːiβem | esːiβ-βlak | esːiβ-βlakem, esːiβem-βlak |
Genitive: | esːiβemən | esːiβ-βlakən | esːiβ-βlakemən, esːiβem-βlakən |
Dative: | esːiβemlan, esːiβlanem | esːiβ-βlaklan | esːiβ-βlakemlan, esːiβem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | esːiβeməm | esːiβ-βlakəm | esːiβ-βlakeməm, esːiβem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | esːiβemla, esːiβlam | esːiβ-βlakla | esːiβ-βlakemla, esːiβem-βlakla |
Comitative: | esːiβemge | esːiβ-βlakge | esːiβ-βlakemge, esːiβem-βlakge |
Inessive: | esːiβəʃtem | esːiβ-βlakəʃte | esːiβ-βlakəʃtem, esːiβem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | esːiβəʃkem | esːiβ-βlakəʃ(ke) | esːiβ-βlakəʃkem, esːiβem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | esːiβeʃem | esːiβ-βlakeʃ | esːiβ-βlakeʃem, esːiβem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |