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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | etnos |
| Genitive: | etnosə̑n |
| Dative: | etnoslan |
| Accusative: | etnosə̑m |
| Comparative: | etnosla |
| Comitative: | etnosge |
| Inessive: | etnosə̑što |
| Illative: | etnosə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | etnoseš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | etnosem |
| 2SG: | etnoset |
| 3SG: | etnosšo |
| 1PL: | etnosna |
| 2PL: | etnosda |
| 3PL: | etnosə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | etnos-βlak |
| Plural (2): | etnos-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | etnosla |
| Sociative Plural: | etnosmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | etnosem | etnos-βlak | etnos-βlakem, etnosem-βlak |
| Genitive: | etnosemə̑n | etnos-βlakə̑n | etnos-βlakemə̑n, etnosem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | etnosemlan, etnoslanem | etnos-βlaklan | etnos-βlakemlan, etnosem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | etnosemə̑m | etnos-βlakə̑m | etnos-βlakemə̑m, etnosem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | etnosemla, etnoslam | etnos-βlakla | etnos-βlakemla, etnosem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | etnosemge | etnos-βlakge | etnos-βlakemge, etnosem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | etnosə̑štem | etnos-βlakə̑šte | etnos-βlakə̑štem, etnosem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | etnosə̑škem | etnos-βlakə̑š(ke) | etnos-βlakə̑škem, etnosem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | etnosešem | etnos-βlakeš | etnos-βlakešem, etnosem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||