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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | jula |
| Genitive: | julan |
| Dative: | julalan |
| Accusative: | julam |
| Comparative: | julala |
| Comitative: | julage |
| Inessive: | julaʃte |
| Illative: | julaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | julaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | julam |
| 2SG: | julat |
| 3SG: | julaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | julana |
| 2PL: | julada |
| 3PL: | julaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | jula-βlak |
| Plural (2): | jula-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | julala |
| Sociative Plural: | julamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | julam | jula-βlak | jula-βlakem, julam-βlak |
| Genitive: | julamən | jula-βlakən | jula-βlakemən, julam-βlakən |
| Dative: | julamlan, julalanem | jula-βlaklan | jula-βlakemlan, julam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | julaməm | jula-βlakəm | jula-βlakeməm, julam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | julamla, julalam | jula-βlakla | jula-βlakemla, julam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | julamge | jula-βlakge | jula-βlakemge, julam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | julaʃtem | jula-βlakəʃte | jula-βlakəʃtem, julam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | julaʃkem | jula-βlakəʃ(ke) | jula-βlakəʃkem, julam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | julaʃem | jula-βlakeʃ | jula-βlakeʃem, julam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||