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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | juʃka |
| Genitive: | juʃkan |
| Dative: | juʃkalan |
| Accusative: | juʃkam |
| Comparative: | juʃkala |
| Comitative: | juʃkage |
| Inessive: | juʃkaʃte |
| Illative: | juʃkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | juʃkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | juʃkam |
| 2SG: | juʃkat |
| 3SG: | juʃkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | juʃkana |
| 2PL: | juʃkada |
| 3PL: | juʃkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | juʃka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | juʃka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | juʃkala |
| Sociative Plural: | juʃkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | juʃkam | juʃka-βlak | juʃka-βlakem, juʃkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | juʃkamən | juʃka-βlakən | juʃka-βlakemən, juʃkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | juʃkamlan, juʃkalanem | juʃka-βlaklan | juʃka-βlakemlan, juʃkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | juʃkaməm | juʃka-βlakəm | juʃka-βlakeməm, juʃkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | juʃkamla, juʃkalam | juʃka-βlakla | juʃka-βlakemla, juʃkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | juʃkamge | juʃka-βlakge | juʃka-βlakemge, juʃkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | juʃkaʃtem | juʃka-βlakəʃte | juʃka-βlakəʃtem, juʃkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | juʃkaʃkem | juʃka-βlakəʃ(ke) | juʃka-βlakəʃkem, juʃkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | juʃkaʃem | juʃka-βlakeʃ | juʃka-βlakeʃem, juʃkam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||