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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | öpke-sapka |
| Genitive: | öpke-sapkan |
| Dative: | öpke-sapkalan |
| Accusative: | öpke-sapkam |
| Comparative: | öpke-sapkala |
| Comitative: | öpke-sapkage |
| Inessive: | öpke-sapkašte |
| Illative: | öpke-sapkaš(ke) |
| Lative: | öpke-sapkaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkam |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkat |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaž(e) |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkana |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkada |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | öpke-sapka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | öpke-sapka-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | öpke-sapkala |
| Sociative Plural: | öpke-sapkamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | öpke-sapkam | öpke-sapka-βlak | öpke-sapka-βlakem, öpke-sapkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | öpke-sapkamə̑n | öpke-sapka-βlakə̑n | öpke-sapka-βlakemə̑n, öpke-sapkam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | öpke-sapkamlan, öpke-sapkalanem | öpke-sapka-βlaklan | öpke-sapka-βlakemlan, öpke-sapkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | öpke-sapkamə̑m | öpke-sapka-βlakə̑m | öpke-sapka-βlakemə̑m, öpke-sapkam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | öpke-sapkamla, öpke-sapkalam | öpke-sapka-βlakla | öpke-sapka-βlakemla, öpke-sapkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | öpke-sapkamge | öpke-sapka-βlakge | öpke-sapka-βlakemge, öpke-sapkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | öpke-sapkaštem | öpke-sapka-βlakə̑šte | öpke-sapka-βlakə̑štem, öpke-sapkam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | öpke-sapkaškem | öpke-sapka-βlakə̑š(ke) | öpke-sapka-βlakə̑škem, öpke-sapkam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | öpke-sapkašem | öpke-sapka-βlakeš | öpke-sapka-βlakešem, öpke-sapkam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||