Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

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   ● XXX ○ XXX ○ XXX
Орфографий: ○ кириллице ● УФА (UPA) ○ МФА (IPA)

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.


Case Suffixes

Nominative:üpan
Genitive:üpanə̑n
Dative:üpanlan
Accusative:üpanə̑m
Comparative:üpanla
Comitative:üpange
Inessive:üpanə̑šte
Illative:üpanə̑š(ke)
Lative:üpaneš

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:üpanem
2SG:üpanet
3SG:üpanže
1PL:üpanna
2PL:üpanda
3PL:üpanə̑št

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):üpan-βlak
Plural (2):üpan-šamə̑č́
Short Plural:üpanla
Sociative Plural:üpanmə̑t

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:üpanemüpan-βlaküpan-βlakem,
üpanem-βlak
Genitive:üpanemə̑nüpan-βlakə̑nüpan-βlakemə̑n,
üpanem-βlakə̑n
Dative:üpanemlan,
üpanlanem
üpan-βlaklanüpan-βlakemlan,
üpanem-βlaklan
Accusative:üpanemə̑müpan-βlakə̑müpan-βlakemə̑m,
üpanem-βlakə̑m
Comparative:üpanemla,
üpanlam
üpan-βlaklaüpan-βlakemla,
üpanem-βlakla
Comitative:üpanemgeüpan-βlakgeüpan-βlakemge,
üpanem-βlakge
Inessive:üpanə̑štemüpan-βlakə̑šteüpan-βlakə̑štem,
üpanem-βlakə̑šte
Illative:üpanə̑škemüpan-βlakə̑š(ke)üpan-βlakə̑škem,
üpanem-βlakə̑š(ke)
Lative:üpanešemüpan-βlakešüpan-βlakešem,
üpanem-βlakeš


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