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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'e |
| Genitive: | üpmə̑gə̑l'en |
| Dative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'elan |
| Accusative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'em |
| Comparative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ela |
| Comitative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ege |
| Inessive: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ešte |
| Illative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'eš(ke) |
| Lative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'eš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | üpmə̑gə̑l'em |
| 2SG: | üpmə̑gə̑l'et |
| 3SG: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ež(e) |
| 1PL: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ena |
| 2PL: | üpmə̑gə̑l'eda |
| 3PL: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ešt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlak |
| Plural (2): | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ela |
| Sociative Plural: | üpmə̑gə̑l'emə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'em | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlak | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakem, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlak |
| Genitive: | üpmə̑gə̑l'emə̑n | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakə̑n | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakemə̑n, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'emlan, üpmə̑gə̑l'elanem | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlaklan | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakemlan, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'emə̑m | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakə̑m | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakemə̑m, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'emla, üpmə̑gə̑l'elam | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakla | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakemla, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlakla |
| Comitative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'emge | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakge | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakemge, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlakge |
| Inessive: | üpmə̑gə̑l'eštem | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakə̑šte | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakə̑štem, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'eškem | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakə̑š(ke) | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakə̑škem, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | üpmə̑gə̑l'ešem | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakeš | üpmə̑gə̑l'e-βlakešem, üpmə̑gə̑l'em-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||