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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ypoŋgo |
| Genitive: | ypoŋgən |
| Dative: | ypoŋgəlan |
| Accusative: | ypoŋgəm |
| Comparative: | ypoŋgəla |
| Comitative: | ypoŋgəge |
| Inessive: | ypoŋgəʃto |
| Illative: | ypoŋgəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | ypoŋgeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ypoŋgem |
| 2SG: | ypoŋget |
| 3SG: | ypoŋgəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | ypoŋgəna |
| 2PL: | ypoŋgəda |
| 3PL: | ypoŋgəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ypoŋgo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ypoŋgo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ypoŋgəla |
| Sociative Plural: | ypoŋgəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ypoŋgem | ypoŋgo-βlak | ypoŋgo-βlakem, ypoŋgem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ypoŋgemən | ypoŋgo-βlakən | ypoŋgo-βlakemən, ypoŋgem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ypoŋgemlan, ypoŋgəlanem | ypoŋgo-βlaklan | ypoŋgo-βlakemlan, ypoŋgem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ypoŋgeməm | ypoŋgo-βlakəm | ypoŋgo-βlakeməm, ypoŋgem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ypoŋgemla, ypoŋgəlam | ypoŋgo-βlakla | ypoŋgo-βlakemla, ypoŋgem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ypoŋgemge | ypoŋgo-βlakge | ypoŋgo-βlakemge, ypoŋgem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ypoŋgəʃtem | ypoŋgo-βlakəʃte | ypoŋgo-βlakəʃtem, ypoŋgem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ypoŋgəʃkem | ypoŋgo-βlakəʃ(ke) | ypoŋgo-βlakəʃkem, ypoŋgem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ypoŋgeʃem | ypoŋgo-βlakeʃ | ypoŋgo-βlakeʃem, ypoŋgem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||