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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ypʃ |
| Genitive: | ypʃən |
| Dative: | ypʃlan |
| Accusative: | ypʃəm |
| Comparative: | ypʃla |
| Comitative: | ypʃge |
| Inessive: | ypʃəʃtø |
| Illative: | ypʃəʃ(kø) |
| Lative: | ypʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ypʃem |
| 2SG: | ypʃet |
| 3SG: | ypʃːø, ypʃəʒ(ø) |
| 1PL: | ypʃna |
| 2PL: | ypʃda |
| 3PL: | ypʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ypʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ypʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ypʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | ypʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ypʃem | ypʃ-βlak | ypʃ-βlakem, ypʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ypʃemən | ypʃ-βlakən | ypʃ-βlakemən, ypʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ypʃemlan, ypʃlanem | ypʃ-βlaklan | ypʃ-βlakemlan, ypʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ypʃeməm | ypʃ-βlakəm | ypʃ-βlakeməm, ypʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ypʃemla, ypʃlam | ypʃ-βlakla | ypʃ-βlakemla, ypʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ypʃemge | ypʃ-βlakge | ypʃ-βlakemge, ypʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ypʃəʃtem | ypʃ-βlakəʃte | ypʃ-βlakəʃtem, ypʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ypʃəʃkem | ypʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | ypʃ-βlakəʃkem, ypʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ypʃeʃem | ypʃ-βlakeʃ | ypʃ-βlakeʃem, ypʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||