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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ӱпшан |
| Genitive: | ӱпшанын |
| Dative: | ӱпшанлан |
| Accusative: | ӱпшаным |
| Comparative: | ӱпшанла |
| Comitative: | ӱпшанге |
| Inessive: | ӱпшаныште |
| Illative: | ӱпшаныш(ке) |
| Lative: | ӱпшанеш |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ӱпшанем |
| 2SG: | ӱпшанет |
| 3SG: | ӱпшанже |
| 1PL: | ӱпшанна |
| 2PL: | ӱпшанда |
| 3PL: | ӱпшанышт |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ӱпшан-влак |
| Plural (2): | ӱпшан-шамыч |
| Short Plural: | ӱпшанла |
| Sociative Plural: | ӱпшанмыт |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ӱпшанем | ӱпшан-влак | ӱпшан-влакем, ӱпшанем-влак |
| Genitive: | ӱпшанемын | ӱпшан-влакын | ӱпшан-влакемын, ӱпшанем-влакын |
| Dative: | ӱпшанемлан, ӱпшанланем | ӱпшан-влаклан | ӱпшан-влакемлан, ӱпшанем-влаклан |
| Accusative: | ӱпшанемым | ӱпшан-влакым | ӱпшан-влакемым, ӱпшанем-влакым |
| Comparative: | ӱпшанемла, ӱпшанлам | ӱпшан-влакла | ӱпшан-влакемла, ӱпшанем-влакла |
| Comitative: | ӱпшанемге | ӱпшан-влакге | ӱпшан-влакемге, ӱпшанем-влакге |
| Inessive: | ӱпшаныштем | ӱпшан-влакыште | ӱпшан-влакыштем, ӱпшанем-влакыште |
| Illative: | ӱпшанышкем | ӱпшан-влакыш(ке) | ӱпшан-влакышкем, ӱпшанем-влакыш(ке) |
| Lative: | ӱпшанешем | ӱпшан-влакеш | ӱпшан-влакешем, ӱпшанем-влакеш |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||