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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | yʃtan |
| Genitive: | yʃtanən |
| Dative: | yʃtanlan |
| Accusative: | yʃtanəm |
| Comparative: | yʃtanla |
| Comitative: | yʃtange |
| Inessive: | yʃtanəʃte |
| Illative: | yʃtanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | yʃtaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | yʃtanem |
| 2SG: | yʃtanet |
| 3SG: | yʃtanʒe |
| 1PL: | yʃtanːa |
| 2PL: | yʃtanda |
| 3PL: | yʃtanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | yʃtan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | yʃtan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | yʃtanla |
| Sociative Plural: | yʃtanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | yʃtanem | yʃtan-βlak | yʃtan-βlakem, yʃtanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | yʃtanemən | yʃtan-βlakən | yʃtan-βlakemən, yʃtanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | yʃtanemlan, yʃtanlanem | yʃtan-βlaklan | yʃtan-βlakemlan, yʃtanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | yʃtaneməm | yʃtan-βlakəm | yʃtan-βlakeməm, yʃtanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | yʃtanemla, yʃtanlam | yʃtan-βlakla | yʃtan-βlakemla, yʃtanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | yʃtanemge | yʃtan-βlakge | yʃtan-βlakemge, yʃtanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | yʃtanəʃtem | yʃtan-βlakəʃte | yʃtan-βlakəʃtem, yʃtanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | yʃtanəʃkem | yʃtan-βlakəʃ(ke) | yʃtan-βlakəʃkem, yʃtanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | yʃtaneʃem | yʃtan-βlakeʃ | yʃtan-βlakeʃem, yʃtanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||